2009년 설립된 미국 전기차 업체 리비안(Rivian)이 2018 LA 오토쇼에 맞춰 전기 픽업과 SUV를 공개합니다.
R1T란 이름의 픽업이고 R1S는 3열을 갖춘 픽업입니다. 두 모델을 한번에 개발할 수 있었던 건 스케이드 보드 형태의 전기차 플랫폼을 사용했기 때문입니다. 즉 아랫부분은 두 모델이 거의 같다는 뜻이고 위쪽 부분만 따로 설계해 장착하는 형태랍니다.
전기차 시대가 되면 앞으로 이런 형태의 플랫폼 공유 혹은 판매가 더욱 늘어납니다. 조금 더 나아간다면 껍데기는 3D 프린터로 찍어 자신만의 차를 만들 수도 있게 됩니다.
4개의 휠을 각 바퀴에 연결하는 구조이기 때문에 손쉽게 능동적 토크 배분이 가능해 험로 주행성과 온로드 주행 안정성도 상당하리라 봅니다.
시스템 출력이 모델별로 300kW, 562kW, 522kW으로 나뉘고 배터리 팩도 105kWh, 135kWh, 180kWh의 3가지로 나뉩니다. 가장 용량이 큰 180kWh의 배터리를 완정하면 643km까지 달릴 수 있다고 하네요.
고속 충전으로 30분 충전하면 320km 정도 달릴 수 있고 레벨3 수준의 자율주행 기술을 탑재했습니다. 정식 출시는 2020년 하반기에 이뤄지기 때문에 아직은 목표치라고 보는 게 맞습니다. 지금 웹사이트에서 1,000달러의 보증금을 받고 사전 예약을 하고 있네요. 값은 6만 1,500달러입니다.
LOS ANGELES, Nov. 27, 2018 -- Rivian, an electric vehicle manufacturer, unveiled its highly anticipated Electric Adventure Vehicles™ — the R1T, an all-electric pickup and the R1S, an all-electric SUV — at events surrounding the LA Auto Show this week.
The R1T™, a 5-passenger pickup truck, debuted at the Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles on Nov. 26, and the R1S™, a 7-passenger SUV, was revealed at the automaker's press conference at Automobility on Nov. 27. With up to 400+ miles in electric range, a wading depth of 1 meter, lockable storage bins that can fit the bulkiest of gear, and the performance and precise control of quad-motor AWD, Rivian vehicles have been developed to help customers get out and explore the world. Both vehicles will be produced at Rivian's manufacturing facility in Normal IL.
"We're launching Rivian with two vehicles that reimagine the pickup and SUV segments," said Rivian Founder and CEO RJ Scaringe. "I started Rivian to deliver products that the world didn't already have – to redefine expectations through the application of technology and innovation. Starting with a clean sheet, we have spent years developing the technology to deliver the ideal vehicle for active customers. This means having great driving dynamics on any surface on- or off-road, providing cargo solutions to easily store any type of gear, whether it's a surf board or a fishing rod and, very importantly, being capable of driving long distances on a single charge. From the inside out, Rivian has developed its vehicles with adventurers at the core of every design and engineering decision. The R1T and R1S are the result of all this work and we are excited to finally introduce these products to the world."
Skateboard Platform
The foundation of the R1T and R1S is Rivian's skateboard platform, which efficiently packages the battery pack, drive units, suspension, braking and thermal system all below the height of the wheel, leaving the space above for occupants and their gear.
Beyond the packaging benefits, this architecture delivers a low center of gravity that supports the vehicle's agility and stability. Adding to these inertial advantages is a sophisticated suspension architecture with unequal length double wishbone suspension in the front and a multi-link suspension in the rear. The suspension features dynamic roll control and adaptive dampers along with ride-height adjustable air-suspension – allowing the suspension to be adjusted for highway comfort, on-road performance or off-road capability.
Rivian's vehicles also feature a quad-motor system that delivers 147kW with precise torque control to each wheel, enabling active torque vectoring and maximum performance in every situation, from high-speed cornering to low-speed rock crawling. With 3,500 Nm of grounded torque per wheel (14,000 Nm of torque for the full vehicle), the R1T and R1S can both reach 60 mph in 3 seconds and 100 mph in less than 7 seconds. This powertrain and chassis also enable the R1T's tow rating of 11,000 pounds.
"The beauty and elegance of our quad-motor setup isn't just about brute power; this architecture provides instantaneous torque with extremely precise control at each wheel, which is completely game-changing from a dynamics perspective, both on- and off-road," said Executive Director of Engineering and Programs Mark Vinnels.
Design
Exterior
The R1T and R1S designs communicate strength and refinement while still inviting customers to get the vehicles dirty. Strong proportions and clean, continuous bodylines help achieve a modern, inviting stance while acknowledging the performance and level of technology integrated into the vehicles.
The main bodyline of the R1T, which wraps up and around the cab and gives the vehicle a distinctive silhouette, while highlighting the Gear Tunnel™ cutline and accentuating the rear fender flares. The R1S shares much of its appearance with the R1T but in the rear highlights a function-driven design expressing capability and utility with plenty of space for occupants and gear. Both vehicles feature short overhangs, high ground clearance and aggressive approach and departure angles for a confident and rugged stance, all enabled by Rivian's unique skateboard platform. A Rivian will be quickly recognized, with its iconic, signature "stadium" headlights and a daytime running light that extends the entire width of the vehicle.
Interior
In harmony with the exterior, the interior of Rivian's vehicles welcomes occupants into a premium environment that conveys craftsmanship yet invites rugged, daily use. Color and materials play an important role in differentiating Rivian vehicles. Sustainably sourced wood is used throughout the interior and its natural finish contributes to a warm and inviting feel. The most striking use of wood is as a structural element that integrates the main center display and driver cluster, integrating form and function beautifully. In the high-wear areas of the interior, the materials take inspiration from sportswear and active gear, combining durable and innovative materials that can easily be cleaned.
"Although the exterior of the vehicle is what first attracts you, the interior is where you spend the most of your time, so we really focused on creating a transformational space inside our vehicles," said VP of Vehicle Design Jeff Hammoud. "The biggest challenge was creating an interior design that delivered a premium experience, while still being comfortable as a space that is heavily used. To do this, we looked outside the automotive industry and took inspiration from contemporary furniture, as well as hiking and outdoor gear, to drive the design."
Vehicle Specifications*
R1T
Battery Pack Configuration
105
135
180
Passengers
5
Powertrain/Drivetrain Type
4 motor electric AWD
Motor - Power [kW]
147 kW per wheel
Vehicle - Power (Input to Gearbox) [kW]
300 kW
562 kW
522 kW
Vehicle - Torque [Nm]
560 Nm
1,120 Nm
Vehicle - Total Grounded Torque [Nm]
7,000Nm
14,000 Nm
Range [miles]
230+ miles
300+ miles
400+ miles
Top Speed [mph]
125 mph
0-60 mph [seconds]
4.9 s
3 s
3.2 s
0-100 mph [seconds]
12.5 s
<7 s
<8 s
Vehicle Curb Weight [kg]
2670 kg
Weight Distribution: front : rear [%]
52%/48%
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating [kg]
3,470 kg
Payload [kg]
800 kg
Trailer Weight Rating [kg]
5000 kg
Overall Length [mm]
5,475 mm
Wheelbase [mm]
3,450 mm
Track Width [mm]
1,710 mm
Overall Width - Mirrors Folded [mm]
2,015 mm
Overall Height (Curb) [mm]
1,815 mm
Kneel/Park Ground Clearance [mm]
200 mm
Aero/Standard Curb Mode Ground Clear. [mm]
240 mm / 280 mm
Off Road Ground Clearance [mm]
360 mm
Water Fording Depth (Max) m
1 m
Approach Angle [deg]
34 degrees (offroad moad)
Departure Angle [deg]
30 degrees (offroad mode)
Ramp Breakover Angle [deg]
26 degrees (offroad mode)
Climbing Gradient Max [deg]
45 degrees
Frunk Volume [L]
330 L
Bed Length (Tailgate Up) [mm]
1,400 mm
Bed Length (Tailgate Down) [mm]
2,100 mm
Bed Width [mm]
1,385 mm
Rear Bin Volume [L]
200 L
Side Bin [L]
350 L
Underseat Volume [L]
95 L
NA
*Estimated
R1S
Battery Pack Configuration
105
135
180
Passengers
7
Powertrain/Drivetrain Type
4 motor electric AWD
Motor - Power [kW]
147 kW per wheel
Vehicle - Power (Input to Gearbox) [kW]
300 kW
562 kW
522 kW
Vehicle - Torque [Nm]
560 Nm
1,120 Nm
Vehicle - Total Grounded Torque [Nm]
7,000Nm
14,000 Nm
Range [miles]
240+ miles
310+ miles
410+ miles
Top Speed [mph]
125 mph
0-60 mph [seconds]
4.9 s
3 s
3.2 s
0-100 mph [seconds]
12.5 s
<7 s
<8 s
Vehicle Curb Weight [kg]
2650 kg
Weight Distribution: front : rear [%]
52%/48%
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating [kg]
3470 kg
Payload [kg]
820 kg
Trailer Weight Rating [kg]
3,500 kg
Overall Length [mm]
5,040 mm
Wheelbase [mm]
3,075 mm
Track Width [mm]
1,710 mm
Overall Width - Mirrors Folded [mm]
2,015 mm
Overall Height (Curb) [mm]
1,820 mm
Kneel/Park Ground Clearance [mm]
205 mm
Aero/Standard Curb Mode Ground Clear. [mm]
245 mm / 285 mm
Off Road Ground Clearance [mm]
365 mm
Water Fording Depth (Max) m
1 m
Approach Angle [deg]
34 degrees (offroad mode)
Departure Angle [deg]
30 degrees (offroad mode)
Ramp Breakover Angle [deg]
29 degrees (offroad mode)
Climbing Gradient Max [deg]
45 degrees
Frunk Volume [L]
330 L
Rear Bin Volume [L]
180 L
*Estimated
Utility
The R1S and R1T leverage the vehicle architecture to deliver more lockable storage than any other vehicle in their respective segments. The 330-liter front trunk on the R1T and R1S is easily accessed for daily use with the hood fully powered for opening and closing.
The R1T's lockable Gear Tunnel aft of the cab extends across the vehicle and provides more than 350 liters of space for hauling oversized gear, such as snowboards, golf bags or strollers. The Gear Tunnel doors also act as steps for loading items into the bed or onto the roof, as well as a seat for such as lacing up hiking boots. The R1T has a watertight, integrated tonneau cover for the bed and beneath the bed floor is a 200-liter sealed bin that can also be used to store a full-size spare tire. The bed features three 110-volt outlets and integrated compressed air.
As part of a Gear Guard™ feature, the bed also has two integrated locking cables to safely secure bicycle frames and other gear to the bed. Any gear stored in the bed is monitored by a bed camera and alerts owners should the bed or contents be tampered with.
The rear of the R1S features a liftgate and small tailgate, with the tailgate providing an area to sit and prep for activities such as gearing up for a mountain climb to tightening skis. The second and third row seats fold flat to provide room for any gear required.
Rivian has developed a racking system that utilizes telescoping racks with easy-to-use mounts that quickly attach to the roof of either the R1T or R1S, as well as the bed rails and bed floor of the R1T. The racks integrate with a range of accessories including tents, travel containers and bike/ski racks. When not in use, the racks can be easily stored in the front trunk.
Battery System
Rivian's energy-dense battery module and pack were developed with the most demanding journeys in mind — incorporating tough underbody protection and an advanced cooling system to give occupants the confidence to go further, regardless of terrain or temperature. Adaptive control algorithms learn driver behavior, optimizing user-specific battery management for maximizing battery life, reliability and second-life reusability. Three battery sizes are planned, with the 180 kWh and 135 kWh available at launch and a 105 kWh being made available within six months.
The battery is designed for fast charging with charging rates of up to 160kW. This enables approximately 200 miles of range to be added in 30 minutes of charging. In addition to DC fast-charging, an 11kW onboard charger facilitates rapid charging at a Level 2 charger.
Connectivity and Digital Experience
Rivian has developed its connected car platform from a clean sheet to allow full control and flexibility over the vehicle hardware, software and user experience. The system operates on a high-speed Ethernet backbone that enables robust security. This platform supports granular over-the-air updates of vehicle software to enhance functionality and improve performance. All Rivian vehicles connect to a cloud-ecosystem for data exchange and processing, enabling machine learning and data services. The digital experience extends beyond the vehicle into the cloud ecosystem and mobile/web applications and provides a consistent and seamless interface for vehicle status and control. The in-vehicle experience consists of a custom 15.6-inch center touch screen, 12.3-inch instrument cluster and a 6.8-inch rear touch screen. Understanding its customers desire for connected adventure, Rivian developed maps, music, navigation and other adventure-focused features to complete the digital experience. The digital user interface strongly reflects adventure, outdoors and exploration – the experience is immersive and natural whether it's being used in a connected urban setting or well off the beaten path.
Self-Driving
The R1T and R1S will launch with a robust hardware suite with multiple modalities including camera, lidar, radar, ultrasonic and a high precision GPS coupled with high definition maps. This hardware enables "Level 3" (hands-off wheel and eyes off road) autonomy for highway operation. Beyond the highway Level 3, the vehicle will have a range of self-driving features focused on enabling active lifestyles.
Safety
Rivian's safety systems and body-structure design will deliver IIHS Top Safety Pick Plus and NHTSA 5-Star ratings. Safety features include 8 airbags for occupant protection and reinforcements of the skateboard platform to protect the battery. The R1T and R1S will also be offered with a full complement of active safety systems enabled by Rivian's suite of self-driving sensors.
